What is Type I GGBS in concrete? Explain in details of Type I GGBS in concrete, purpose of Type I GGBS in concrete and where to use of Type I GGBS in concrete.

Type I GGBS, or Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag, is a type of supplementary cementitious material used in concrete. It is the most commonly used type of GGBS in concrete and is suitable for use in all types of concrete.

The purpose of Type I GGBS in concrete is to replace a portion of the Portland cement in the mix. When used in concrete, GGBS reacts with the calcium hydroxide in the cement to form additional calcium silicate hydrate, which improves the strength and durability of the concrete.

Type I GGBS can be used in a wide range of concrete applications, including:

1. High-performance concrete: GGBS is commonly used in high-performance concrete to improve its durability and reduce the risk of cracking.
2. Mass concrete: GGBS is also used in mass concrete applications, such as bridge piers and dam construction, to reduce the heat of hydration and the risk of thermal cracking.
3. Marine concrete: The use of GGBS in marine concrete can improve its resistance to sulfate attack and reduce the risk of corrosion in the presence of saltwater.
4. Concrete repair: GGBS can be used in the repair of existing concrete structures to improve their durability and extend their service life.

The use of Type I GGBS in concrete offers several benefits, including:

1. Improved durability: GGBS reduces the permeability of concrete and increases its resistance to chemical attack, which improves its long-term durability.
2. Reduced carbon footprint: The use of GGBS in concrete reduces the need for Portland cement, which has a high carbon footprint, and can help reduce the overall carbon footprint of the construction project.
3. Cost savings: The use of GGBS in concrete can reduce the overall cost of the project, as GGBS is often less expensive than Portland cement.
4. Improved workability: GGBS can improve the workability of concrete by reducing the water demand and increasing the flowability of the mix.

Overall, the use of Type I GGBS in concrete is a sustainable and cost-effective solution for improving the durability and performance of concrete structures.