What is bolted Splice Joint? Explain in details step by step procedure to make a bolted Splice Joint with example and application.

A bolted splice joint is a type of joint used to connect two structural members end-to-end, typically when the length of a single member is insufficient for the desired application. It involves overlapping the two members and securing them together using bolts or screws. The bolted splice joint provides strength, stability, and continuity to the joined members. Here is a step-by-step procedure to create a bolted splice joint:

Step 1: Prepare the materials Gather the materials you want to join using the bolted splice joint. These could be metal beams, wooden beams, or any other suitable structural members. Ensure that the materials are clean, free from debris, and have smooth surfaces for optimal contact.

Step 2: Determine the splice length Decide on the required splice length, which is the length of overlap between the two members. The splice length depends on factors such as the load-bearing capacity, material properties, and design requirements. It is typically determined based on engineering calculations or specifications.

Step 3: Mark the splice location Using a measuring tool, mark the splice location on both members. This will help align the members accurately during the assembly process.

Step 4: Prepare the joint surfaces To ensure a strong and secure joint, prepare the joint surfaces of the members. This may involve cleaning, sanding, or planing to remove any irregularities, burrs, or contaminants. The goal is to create clean, smooth, and flush surfaces for optimal contact and load transfer.

Step 5: Drill holes for the bolts Mark and drill holes for the bolts along the splice line on both members. The hole diameter should match the size of the bolts or screws you intend to use. The hole spacing and pattern should be consistent to distribute the load evenly across the joint.

Step 6: Align the members Position the members together, overlapping them based on the marked splice length. Ensure that the joint surfaces are flush and aligned properly.

Step 7: Insert the bolts or screws Insert the bolts or screws through the pre-drilled holes on one member, passing them through the joint and exiting through the holes on the other member. Place washers under the bolt heads or screw heads to distribute the load and prevent damage to the members.

Step 8: Tighten the fasteners Using an appropriate tool such as a wrench or screwdriver, tighten the nuts on the bolts or the screws to secure the joint. Apply even pressure while tightening to ensure a uniform clamping force across the joint. Avoid over-tightening, as it can cause material deformation or thread stripping.

Step 9: Verify the joint Inspect the joint to ensure it is properly assembled and secure. Check for any misalignment, gaps, or loose fasteners. Make any necessary adjustments or re-tighten the fasteners if needed.

Example and application: Let’s consider an example of a bolted splice joint in construction. Suppose you are constructing a steel beam for a bridge, and the required length exceeds the standard length of a single steel beam available.

You prepare the steel beams by cleaning their surfaces, marking the splice location, and drilling the bolt holes. Next, you align the beams, overlapping them based on the marked splice length. Insert the bolts through the pre-drilled holes and secure them with washers and nuts.

The bolted splice joint provides strength and continuity to the steel beams, allowing them to act as a single long beam. This joint ensures the structural integrity and load-bearing capacity of the bridge. Bolted splice joints are commonly used in construction, bridges, buildings, and various other applications where longer structural members are required.

It is important to note that the specific design, bolt size, and torque values of the bolted splice joint will vary depending on the application, material properties, and load requirements.