Types of window used in Building? Explain in details with example.

There are various types of windows used in buildings, each with its own unique features and purposes. Here are some common types:

1. Single Hung Windows: In this type of window, only the bottom sash is movable, while the top sash remains fixed.
2. Double Hung Windows: Both the upper and lower sashes of this window type are operable, allowing for improved ventilation and ease of cleaning.
3. Casement Windows: Casement windows are hinged on one side and open outward like a door. They provide excellent ventilation and can be opened fully to allow maximum airflow.
4. Awning Windows: Similar to casement windows, awning windows are hinged at the top and open outward. They are often used in combination with other window types or placed high on walls to provide ventilation while maintaining privacy.
5. Sliding Windows: Sliding windows consist of one or more movable panels that slide horizontally along tracks. They are easy to operate and provide a modern, streamlined look.
6. Bay Windows: Bay windows extend outward from the building, creating a small alcove inside. They typically consist of a large central fixed window with smaller operable windows on either side.
7. Bow Windows: Bow windows are similar to bay windows but have a curved shape, creating a more rounded appearance. They provide a wider view and can make a room feel more spacious.
8. Picture Windows: Picture windows are large fixed windows that do not open. They are designed to offer unobstructed views and allow ample natural light into the room.
9. Skylights: Skylights are windows installed on the roof or ceiling of a building, allowing natural light to enter from above. They can enhance the aesthetic appeal and provide additional illumination to interior spaces.
10. Clerestory Windows: Clerestory windows are narrow, horizontal windows placed high on walls, typically above eye level. They are used to bring in natural light while maintaining privacy and can create an airy, open atmosphere.
11. These are just a few examples of the many types of windows used in buildings. The choice of window type depends on factors such as functionality, architectural style, energy efficiency, and personal preferences.

1. Single Hung Windows:
   • Description: Single hung windows consist of two sashes, with only the bottom sash being movable. The top sash remains fixed and cannot be opened.
   • Features: They are simple in design, cost-effective, and easy to maintain. The fixed upper sash provides stability and insulation.
   • Example: Single hung windows are commonly found in residential buildings and commercial spaces. They are often seen in traditional architectural styles.
2. Double Hung Windows:
   • Description: Double hung windows have two operable sashes, allowing both the top and bottom sashes to be opened.
   • Features: They provide excellent ventilation as both sashes can be adjusted. They are easy to clean as they can be tilted inward.
   • Example: Double hung windows are versatile and used in a variety of buildings, including homes, offices, and schools.
3. Casement Windows:
   • Description: Casement windows are hinged on one side and open outward like a door, usually operated by a crank mechanism.
   • Features: They offer great ventilation, provide unobstructed views, and create a tight seal when closed for energy efficiency.
   • Example: Casement windows are commonly used in modern and contemporary buildings, but they can also be found in older homes and historic buildings.
4. Awning Windows:
   • Description: Awning windows are hinged at the top and open outward from the bottom, creating an awning-like effect.
   • Features: They allow for ventilation while preventing rain from entering the building. Awning windows are often placed higher on walls for privacy.
   • Example: Awning windows are commonly used in bathrooms, basements, or in combination with other window types for improved airflow.
5. Sliding Windows:
   • Description: Sliding windows consist of one or more horizontal panels that slide along tracks.
   • Features: They are easy to operate, provide a contemporary look, and can be opened partially or fully for ventilation.
   • Example: Sliding windows are frequently used in residential buildings, apartments, and offices, especially in areas where vertical space is limited.
6. Bay Windows:
   • Description: Bay windows are a combination of three or more windows that extend outward from the building, creating a bay or alcove.
   • Features: They enhance the aesthetics of a room, provide panoramic views, and allow ample natural light to enter.
   • Example: Bay windows are often seen in living rooms, dining areas, or as a focal point in architectural designs.
7. Bow Windows:
   • Description: Bow windows are similar to bay windows but have a curved shape, creating a more rounded appearance.
   • Features: They provide a wider view, create a sense of spaciousness, and allow natural light to flood the room.
   • Example: Bow windows are commonly used in residential buildings, particularly in rooms where a panoramic view is desired.
8. Picture Windows:
   • Description: Picture windows are large fixed windows that do not open.
   • Features: They offer unobstructed views, allow maximum natural light, and can be customized in various shapes and sizes.
   • Example: Picture windows are often used in living rooms, dining areas, or any space where a focal point or expansive view is desired.
9. Skylights:
   • Description: Skylights are windows installed on the roof or ceiling, allowing natural light to enter from above.
   • Features: They bring in abundant daylight, create an open and airy atmosphere, and can be operable for ventilation.
   • Example: Skylights are commonly used in residential buildings, commercial spaces, and even in industrial settings where natural light is desired.